Monday, May 14, 2012

Sabah Legend: Origin of Kota Marudu


(Kota Marudu on the red dot)
History

How did the they know how to spell Marudu, a name that exists in the map of year 1537? From where did Caspar Viegas can know? Perhaps he acquired the disclosures that as a result from shipping the Protugis who came to Brunei in 1526 (Don Jorge de Menezes) as well as western and northern coast of Sabah between 1527-1530?

In the meantime, this assumption can be supported further by the existence of a map dated 1540 Protugis. However, if referred to Antonio Pigafetta who recorded that the cruise of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521, nor any mention made of any place names around the island except Cimbonbon Marudu Bay (now, Balambangan Island) which lies off the northern gulf.

(In the event of the annual district's festival: Corn Festival)


Investigation done

Marudu comes from the language of one tribe in Sabah. The word "MARUDU" comes from the people BALANINI, derived from the word "MAIRUDU" or MAIULUDU "which in Malay means" a position in there also. "Those who inhabit the Gulf of Balanini Marudu and Marudu fishing activities and water trade often sailed from Limau-limauan Kudat along the Marudu bay to Telaga Village Pitas. When they sailed back across the bay in Limau-limauan, they will go through or across a shortcut instead of Marudu Bay along the Marudu Gulf. Those who communicate in sea when asked where they are going they would answer "Mairu du" or "Mairu lu" or the Malay language means "there also" (referring to the geographical position Marudu Bay which forms a large bay environment). Sooner or later, the Mairudu term gradually shifted to the Marudu and mailudu to Maludu. Therefore, Western writers often refer Marudu as Marudu, Marudo or Maludu. While in the map-century Spanish Colonial 13 Marudu written as Maludu and believed to be among the oldest historical documents that record the names Marudu.

Typical village in Kota Marudu
(www.rumbiagallery.blogspot.com)

Marudu town was originally named Bandau. According to legend in this district, Bandau is derived from the word 'Mondou' from the Momogun Rungus  language [Kadazandusun] which means "king of all wild animals" who looked like a weasel. "Mondou" is believed at one time to be found by a man named Aki Rungsud Sudirman along the river. According to the Momogun Rungus language, the city comes from the word Marudu of the Momogun Rungus language of "Sindaat Mogkorudu" in which the area for nearly 100 years Bandau in Momogun Rungus (local calendar) was abandoned after the war involving Sindaat [Magic] launched by Aki Sook, a wizard of Rovusan . According to the legend of Momogun Rungus, Bandau was opened by Aki Rungsud as a barter system trading center in the past and at during the time of Aki Sook there was power struggle which occurred between the "Momogun Rungus", "Momogun Rungus Kirangavan Pilapazan" which results in the war of "Sindaat" [Magic]. After "Sindaat Mogkorudu Momogun" incident, the ancient barter trade center had been abandoned and vacant for almost 100 years after the calendar ritual and ceremony of "Managas Mamasi Pomogunan".

Marudu Bay Sunset 
( Photo courtesy: Brian Mun)



While the name Kota Marudu used to replace Bandau is in conjunction with the omission of a city / fortress which is located in the Bandau Bay. City or fortress Marudu is a city made of stones, soil and hard wood and thorn made by Shariff Osman and his followers to defend the city from the invasion of colonial British Company. Osman is a pirate and was actually termed a rebel by the British colonial government to smear the name of Osman syariff. According to Ds Ranjit Singh, the book COMMERATIVE ILLNESS OF SABAH 1881 - 1981, pp. 96, Syariff Osman was declared a pirate and a rebel by the Raja Muda Hashim (Brunei) and its allies Britain and James Brooke.  However, Syariff Osman was in reality a free government, Warrior, Protector of the People Marudu and not pirates. In urban areas, there are hundreds (perhaps thousands) of the tombs of the warriors who fought against the British colonialists and the Tomb of Osman and his son Syariff Syariff Merum. Osman Sharif tomb once had two tombstones that distance between them reaches 20 feet and is believed to extend to this day. This was once a guarded tomb and are placed with yellow nets but this time it was no longer managed and was abandoned.

GOSHEN river - Kota Marudu, Sabah
Simpangan River
(Photo courtesty: TicoTic)

According S.St.John in his book 'Life in the Forests of the Far East, London, 1863, pp.394-6 stated that the residents who live during the time of Shariff Osman, Chiefdom (Marudu or Maludu) there are approximately 50,000 people (in 1840's) and the main occupation is farming and fishing population.

Paddy fields and coconut trees during dusk
(Photo courtesy: Brian Mun)

Osman Syariff ws involved in the war against British colonial circa during the 1840's. Up to this day, it is known that Bandau first took the name Sindaat Mogkorudu [Marudu], which was established by Aki Sook who serves as the disposer of Momogun sins in religious rites of the religion of the ancestor of "Labus Momogun Rungus". Mogkorudu means "lament for the death". This legend continues to live in Momogun Rungus culture and people in Kota Marudu.

Adapted from: http://www.sabah.gov.my/pd.km/asal_usul_kota_marudu.htm
Photo courtesy: lotsoflove-pearls.blogspot.com; itzmefikqrie.blogspot.com/2012/04/map-of-borneo-tip-of-borneo-tgsimpang; http://www.flickr.com/photos/shatra78

Sabah Folklore ~ The Origins of "Nunuk Ragang": Apin-apin and Keningau




(Apin-Apin area & the illustration of its landscape below)


In Apin-Apin, like other places that opened before it, the the chief elder and magical rooster cannot stay for too long because underground people managed to trace them. As usual, the magical rooster flew the chief leader to another place farther in the interior of which was later referred to as Keningau. As usual, the rooster levelled the settlement ground. In that place was found many cinnamon trees which led to the place being named "Keningau" in Dusun / Kadazan language, which means 'cinnamon'.


(Keningau area & landscape from up the hill)

Not long in Keningau the magical rooster fell ill and died from old age then was laid to rest in a place there. Not long after, the chief elder of Nunuk Ragang also died from old age. With the death of them both who were hunted by the underground men,they stopped hunting them and became hostile to the people of Nunuk Ragang.

The death of the magical rooster and the chief elder of Nunuk Ragang caused the people to feel that they lost something precious. This was a great blow for them. Truly the magical rooster has given so much to the Dusun / Kadazan people by opening several settlements. If you notice, (even to this day) most of the places occupied by the Kadazan/Dusun people are in the hills and mountains that seem to have levelled. The people of Dusun/Kadazan truly believe in this story.

The Nunuk Ragang tree left by the Dusun/Kadazan people near the lake is said to have been cut down and destroyed by those underground men and is believed are ancestors to those from Tampias in Sabah.



Adapted from: Taha Abdul Kadir. Cerita Tradisi Sabah. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia : Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd. 1985. m/s 1-9.

Photo courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:KeningauLocationMap.PNG;http://f1.ehive.com/3925/1/1qcs7kv_13q2_l.jpg; mohdzawi.blogspot.com

Sabah Folklore ~ The Origins of "Nunuk Ragang": Tambunan


As the land of Ranau was named for its "mud', the land was flattened out and the people followed the elder to open up a settlement there. They focused on activities such as planting crops and raising livestock such as chickens, ducks and pigs.

As for the underground people, the land still continues to feel very uncomfortable and doubtly lest people come back to Nunuk Ragang to revenge and attacked them. Then people from the underground to investigate and eventually they found out about the people of Nunuk Ragang in Ranau. So, they then planned to go there to destroy the people of Nunuk Ragang. Their arrival was detected by the magical rooster and even before they get to Ranau, the magical rooster flew the elder of Nunuk Ragang to another place with his followers and the place was known as "Tambunan".



In the new place as the magical male rooster then then helped with them by scraping persistently to level the land to be residential areas for the peopl of Nunuk Ragang. It is also eventually discovered by the underground people who become increasingly angry with the Nunuk Ragang people, especially towards the magical rooster, and they continue wish to get rid of it.


Kg. Moloson Tambunan - Tambunan, Sabah

(The landscapes of Tambunan, Sabah. 
Some say it is the mini "Switzerland" of Sabah. Only you can judge that)




As usual the rooster will crow every morning. Its crowing sound is very strong and can be heard until Ranau and other places at any distance where the rooster crows. According to the story, the crown of the roosterenabled the underground people to track the position of the rooster and the chief elder of Nunuk Ragang. A group of the underground men moved to Tambunan. As usual, the magical rooster would know of their arrival in advance and continue to fly the chief elder to another place called Apin-Apin. There, they opened a new settlement.

Since the underground people only had revenge towards the chief elder and the magical rooster of Nunuk Ragang, only half of them continued to hunt both down. While the others stayed back at the new settlement.

(Monument contributed to Gombunan in the Tambunan district of Sabah)


Because the chief elder was not able to stay in Tambunan and had to migrate to Apin-Apin, he appointed a deputy by the name of 'Gombunan' as the head of the Nunuk Ragang people there. The name Tambunan was named after their leader appointed by the ruler above. Furthermore, the new place (Tambunan) has not got his name yet at the time.





Adapted from: Taha Abdul Kadir. Cerita Tradisi Sabah. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia : Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd. 1985. m/s 1-9.
Photo courtesy: ja.wikipedia.org;lostborneo.wordpress.comhttp://www.trekearth.com/gallery/Asia/Malaysia/East/Sabah/Tambunan/photo506232.htm, http://my.opera.com/sukku/albums/showpic.dml?album=357472&picture=5148691

Sabah Folklore ~ The Origins of "Nunuk Ragang": Ranau


The group of underground people then stayed in Nunuk Ragang. However, the underground people still believe that the the magical rooster and the elders of Nunuk Ragang still live there. They then take revenge on them at times too, so the underground people continued to devise ways on how to eliminate both of which are considered their enemy. The people of Nunuk Ragang with their elder and the magical rooster was always pursued by these underground people.

After some time, the underground people underground still could not succeed in overcoming the elder leader and the magical rooster of Nunuk Ragang. Finally, the underground men then settled in the area now known as the Tampias, which is in rural areas of the district called Labuk Sugut, Sandakan. It was also told that people from Tampias to this day are not very friendly with the Dusun / Kadazan people from the descendants of Nunuk Ragang.

These underground people are said that they used to be ordinary people, but has been cursed by the gods because they cause to much destruction on earth and they are sent to live in a big hole in the ground. They lived there and breeded after some time until they were released by the by the Nunuk Ragang gentle people.

Feelings of anger and hate by the underground people were endless towards the elder leader and the magical rooster of Nunuk Ragang. This made the magical rooster to fly the elder far into a mountainous region now known as Ranau.


With the magical power of the rooster, it levelled the land with its muddy feet and wings, persistently made that place a land to live in. Since then, the area is muddy taken after its original state, then named 'Ranau' meaning 'mud' in the Dusun / Kadazan language.



Adapted from: Taha Abdul Kadir. Cerita Tradisi Sabah. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia : Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd. 1985. m/s 1-9.

Photo courtesy: http://upload.wikimedia.org, pkgranau.edublogs.org

Sabah Folklore ~ Origins of the "Nunuk Ragang" : The Underground People





Rice planting season is an important event for all residents of Nunuk Ragang. One day, while the villagers were busy working in their rice fields on the hill, they heard voices calling coming from an underground well. The Nunuk Ragang people wondered with mixed feelings and anxiety, thus they informed the incident to their king. Finally, they held a meeting and reached a consensus, where they dug the earth from which they heard where the voices were calling. When excavated, they discovered a big hole underground. In it was packed with people who looked fierce.

The Nunuk Ragang people became more afraid, especially when they heard one of the leader, a man who was apparently very strong and rough. Then the leader said with a very loud voice like lightning, "Thank you ...... because of releasing us as this place feels good for us as we have been prisoned for a long time underground. Now you must go from here, if not we will destroy all of you! ......... "

Heeding the of underground man's words, the Nunuk Ragang people tried to save themselves by running away. This incident also caused the people of Nunuk Ragang to move away from their original place, and occupied other districts in the state. This story and the Ragang Tie story are from two different stories which tells us how people of Nunuk Ragang moved away from their place of origin.

Adapted from: Taha Abdul Kadir. Cerita Tradisi Sabah. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia : Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd. 1985. m/s 1-9.
Photo courtesy: ahroslanharahap.blogspot.com; aboutsabah.com

Sabah Folklore ~ Origins of " Nunuk Ragang": The "Ragang Tie" Epidemic


From day to day, the people of Nunuk Ragang grew more and more developed and became more populated. In the vicinity there were a few streams and this makes it a fertile and good agricultural area. The people of Nunuk Ragang lived in peace and harmony for a long time.

One day, Nunak Ragang was attacked "and harassed by" "Ragang Tie" (red wax). Ragang Tie cannot exactly be described in what form it looks like. It looks like a running water when viewed from a distance and sometimes those who see it as if it has behaves like a human. Oddly, the Ragang Tie brought disease to anyone who is touched it which is often fatal. In addition, Tie Ragang also results in destroying crops planted and killed livestock animals that came into contact with it.

(Illustration of the Nunuk Ragang)

As a result, large proportions of the Nunuk Ragang residents suffered pain which led to death; livestock and crops were destroyed by the pandemic. The people of Nunuk Ragang became very sad and worried. Finally, many of them left and moved to other safer areas to stay. Thus, they fragmented and was scattered all over the districts as indicated until today.

Adapted from: Taha Abdul Kadir. Cerita Tradisi Sabah. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia : Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd. 1985. m/s 1-9.
Photo courtesy: claire-innocent-artandcrafts.co.uk

Sabah Folklore ~ The Origins of "Nunuk Ragang"



It was told by folklore tellers that in the ancient days, there was a large and unusual tree in nature which grows near a deep lake. The lake is located near which is now a village in the district which is called "Lubuk Tampias Sugut" in Sandakan district. The tree mentioned earlier, was overall red in color, including the leaves. In the language of the Kadazan or Dusun the trees is called "Nunuk Ragang". "Nunuk" means the tree and "ragang" means red.

Also it has been told that at that time that place is not yet inhabited by humans. In general, the area where the Nunuk Ragang was, was covered by jungle inhabited only by wild beasts only. At that time there was a very large rooster, as big as a buffalo who lived there. Roosters are believed to have incredible magic.

One day the rooster was foraging for food. Then suddenly, came a handsome young man from the ground the rooster was foraging. The Roosters went on foraging and continued scratching the ground. Not long after came out a very beautiful girl. Both were taken and taken care by the rooster. Time followed, then they were wed together. Resulting from the marriage, the woman bore several sons and daughters. Their descendants became many and eventually the place was filled with more and more people. The descendants who came from the ground by the male rooster was referred to as 'The Nunuk Ragang' and is 'believed' to be the ancestors and the descendants of the Dusun or Kadazan natives.

(The elders of the "Nunuk Ragang" people)

The first man who emerged from the ground was appointed as the ruler in place by the male rooster. He ruled with the help of the male rooster. The rooster live high in red tree. Together with the red tree the rooster became the protector of people living there. The place is eventually named Nunuk Ragang trees named after a special red fig tree.
(Monument commemorating the "Nunuk Ragang" in Sabah)
Adapted from: Taha Abdul Kadir. Cerita Tradisi Sabah. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia : Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn. Bhd. 1985. m/s 1-9.
Photo courtesy: ajinbgagah.blogspot.com; qhristine.blogspot.com

Thursday, May 10, 2012

Sabah Folklore ~ Why the Mosquito Makes a Buzzing Sound in Our Ears


Do you know why the mosquito is fond of buzzing in our ears? Well, here’s a story of why it does so.


Once upon a time, a handsome young man was lost in the forest. He had gone hunting but did not manage to leave the forest before nightfall. So he went to look for a good spot to settle in for the night. He chanced upon a big tree and went to sleep under it.

That night, mosquitoes came to attack him. But these mosquitoes decided not to do so when they saw that the young man was very handsome. Instead, they decided to tell their queen about the presence of this young man in the forest. The queen was very excited to learn about this handsome young man in the forest. She wants to see him for herself and flew in great speed to the spot where the man was. Seeing that he was truly handsome, she turned herself into a beautiful maiden with her magical powers. She tapped on the man’s shoulder to wake him up. What a surprise he had to find a beautiful maiden in the deep of the forest.” You are all alone here tonight. I see that you must have been unable to find your way in the dark. Come home with me and I will provide you some food and a place to sleep for the night,” said the maiden. The young man was so enchanted by her beauty that he did not think to ask her who she was. So he followed her back to her home.

They walked for a short while and came to a large and beautiful house in the forest. There the queen told her mosquitoes, which has also been transformed into humans, to prepare a meal for the young man. They young man enjoyed the delicious meal and drank the wine that the queen served him. The queen and her mosquitoes-servants were also drinking the wine and pretty soon, they were quite drunk.

But the young man was not drunk and he was wide awake. He saw that the queen and her servants were fast asleep in their chair.

So, he decided to have a tour of the house. He started walking about the house and wondered to himself that it was quite strange indeed to have this beautiful house deep in the forest. When he came upon a room, he had a tremendous shock! For in the room were seven large jars, which were full of blood! “Just who are these people?” he thought. “And what are these jars of blood doing here?” he wondered again. At that he became very frightened, for out in the forest, the only creatures he knew that would suck blood … are mosquitoes!

“These people must be mosquitoes! If I stay here, I would fall under their spell and never return home again. They will suck all the blood out of me too!” he thought to himself quickly. With that, he raced for the door. He will leave this enchanted forest at once! As he passed by his sleeping hostess, he decided to steal the queen’s earring as a souvenir. The queen’s earrings were sparkling under the lights of the dining hall. A quick move and he managed to slip off one of her earrings. He was not able to take off the other earring as the queen was asleep on her side.

As soon as that was done, he ran for the door without even looking back. He ran and ran until he reached the sea. And there he crossed the sea and crossed all the other seas until he felt safe – away from the queen and her mosquitoes.

Meanwhile, the queen woke up and found her handsome guest had gone. His satchel was gone and to her dismay, so were her earrings! She was enraged and ordered all her mosquitoes to search for them man and retrieve her precious earring. “Do not return unless you have found him! And when you do, I want you to suck him dry of his blood!” she commanded in her fury.
          
          The mosquitoes banded together and then went split ways. They covered all the vast areas and went over many seas but still they could not find the young man. Which is why today, the mosquitoes are still buzzing in our ears. They are probably investigating to see whether their queen’s earring is dangling on our earlobe. Till they find it, these mosquitoes will be ever so fond of buzzing in our ears!

Adapted from Kadazan Folklore, RITA LASIMBANG,
Nookuo Tu’ Mongonging O Togonok Doid Thoingo, 1999,
Natural History Publications (Borneo)

(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Translated versions:


Sabah Folklore ~ Warum uns die Mücke im Ohr herum summt (DE)
By, Margit Schaafberg
Germany

Weißt du, warum uns die Mücke so gerne im Ohr herum summt? Hier erfährst du, warum das so ist.

Es war einmal vor langer Zeit, da verlief sich ein hübscher junger Mann in einem Wald. Er war auf der Jagd gewesen und hatte den Wald nicht rechtzeitig wieder verlassen können. Also suchte er sich einen guten Ort, an dem er die Nacht verbringen konnte. Zufällig fand er einen großen Baum und legte sich darunter schlafen.

In der Nacht kamen die Mücken und wollten ihn angreifen. Aber dann beschlossen sie, es sein zu lassen, als sie sahen, dass der junge Mann so hübsch war. Stattdessen beschlossen sie, ihrer Königin zu erzählen, dass dieser junge Mann im Wald war. Die Königin war ganz begeistert, als sie von dem hübschen jungen Mann im Wald erfuhr. Sie wollte ihn selbst sehen und flog ganz schnell zu dem Ort, an dem der Mann war. Als sie sah, dass er wirklich hübsch war, verwandelte sie sich mit ihren Zauberkräften in ein schönes Mädchen. Sie tippte dem Mann auf die Schulter, um ihn aufzuwecken. Oh was war er überrascht, als er tief im Wald ein schönes Mädchen traf. "Du bist ja ganz alleine hier. Bestimmt hast du im Dunkeln den Heimweg nicht gefunden. Komm mit mir nach Hause und ich gebe dir Essen und einen Platz zum Schlafen", sagte das Mädchen. Der junge Mann war so verzaubert von ihrer Schönheit, dass er gar nicht daran dachte zu fragen, wer sie war. Und er folgte ihr nach Hause.

Sie gingen einige Zeit und kamen dann zu einem großen, schönen Haus im Wald. Dann befahl die Königin ihren Mücken, die sich auch in Menschen verwandelt hatten, etwas zu Essen für den jungen Mann zuzubereiten. Der junge Mann genoss das köstliche Mahl und trank den Wein, den ihm die Königin serviert hatte. Die Königin und ihre Mücken-Diener tranken ebenfalls von dem Wein und wurden bald ziemlich betrunken.

Aber der junge Mann war nicht betrunken, sondern hellwach. Er sah, dass die Königin und ihre Diener fest in ihrem Sessel schliefen.

Also beschloss er, das Haus zu besichtigen. Er ging in dem Haus herum und fragte sich, warum ein so schönes Haus tief im Wald stand. Als er ein Zimmer betrat, erschrak er fürchterlich! Denn in dem Zimmer gab es sieben große Krüge voll mit Blut! "Was sind das bloß für Leute?", dachte er. "Und warum gibt es hier Krüge mit Blut?", fragte er sich. Da fürchtete er sich denn die einzigen Lebewesen im Wald, von denen er wusste, dass sie Blut saugten, waren die Mücken.

"Das müssen Mücken sein! Wenn ich hier bleibe, verfalle ich ihrem Zauber und kehre nie nach Hause zurück. Und sie werden mir mein ganzes Blut aussaugen!", dachte er. Und so rannte er zur Tür. Er wollte den verzauberten Wald sofort verlassen! Als er an seiner schlafenden Gastgeberin vorbeikam beschloss er, den Ohrring der Königin als Andenken zu stehlen. Die Ohrringe der Königin glitzerten im Licht des Speisesaals. Mit einer schnellen Bewegung konnte er einen ihrer Ohrringe abziehen. Den anderen Ohrring konnte er nicht abnehmen, denn die Königin schlief auf der Seite.

Als er fertig war, rannte er zur Tür und sah sich nicht einmal um. Er rannte und rannte, bis er das Meer erreichte. Und dann überquerte er das Meer und alle anderen Meere, bis er sich sicher fühlte - fern von der Königin und ihren Mücken.

Inzwischen war die Königin aufgewacht und hatte festgestellt, dass ihr hübscher Gast verschwunden war. Sein Ranzen war verschwunden und zu ihrem Ärger auch ihre Ohrringe! Sie war wütend und befahl all ihren Mücken, den Mann zu suchen und ihre wertvollen Ohrringe zurückzubringen. "Kommt nicht zurück, bevor ihr ihn gefunden habt! Und wenn ihr ihn gefunden habt, werde ich ihm sein ganzes Blut aussaugen", befahl sie wutschnaubend.
         
          Die Mücken taten sich zusammen und flogen dann in unterschiedliche Richtungen auseinander. Sie durchsuchten alle Gegenden und flogen über viele Meere, aber sie konnten den jungen Mann trotzdem nicht finden. Und deshalb summen die Mücken auch heute noch in unseren Ohren. Vermutlich prüfen sie, ob der Ohrring ihrer Königin an unserem Ohrläppchen hängt. Und bis sie ihn finden, werden die Mücken gerne in unseren Ohren summen!

Sabah Folklore ~ Warum uns die Mücke im Ohr herum summt

Weißt du, warum uns die Mücke so gerne im Ohr herum summt? Hier erfährst du, warum das so ist.

Es war einmal vor langer Zeit, da verlief sich ein hübscher junger Mann in einem Wald. Er war auf der Jagd gewesen und hatte den Wald nicht rechtzeitig wieder verlassen können. Also suchte er sich einen guten Ort, an dem er die Nacht verbringen konnte. Zufällig fand er einen großen Baum und legte sich darunter schlafen.

In der Nacht kamen die Mücken und wollten ihn angreifen. Aber dann beschlossen sie, es sein zu lassen, als sie sahen, dass der junge Mann so hübsch war. Stattdessen beschlossen sie, ihrer Königin zu erzählen, dass dieser junge Mann im Wald war. Die Königin war ganz begeistert, als sie von dem hübschen jungen Mann im Wald erfuhr. Sie wollte ihn selbst sehen und flog ganz schnell zu dem Ort, an dem der Mann war. Als sie sah, dass er wirklich hübsch war, verwandelte sie sich mit ihren Zauberkräften in ein schönes Mädchen. Sie tippte dem Mann auf die Schulter, um ihn aufzuwecken. Oh was war er überrascht, als er tief im Wald ein schönes Mädchen traf. "Du bist ja ganz alleine hier. Bestimmt hast du im Dunkeln den Heimweg nicht gefunden. Komm mit mir nach Hause und ich gebe dir Essen und einen Platz zum Schlafen", sagte das Mädchen. Der junge Mann war so verzaubert von ihrer Schönheit, dass er gar nicht daran dachte zu fragen, wer sie war. Und er folgte ihr nach Hause.

Sie gingen einige Zeit und kamen dann zu einem großen, schönen Haus im Wald. Dann befahl die Königin ihren Mücken, die sich auch in Menschen verwandelt hatten, etwas zu Essen für den jungen Mann zuzubereiten. Der junge Mann genoss das köstliche Mahl und trank den Wein, den ihm die Königin serviert hatte. Die Königin und ihre Mücken-Diener tranken ebenfalls von dem Wein und wurden bald ziemlich betrunken.

Aber der junge Mann war nicht betrunken, sondern hellwach. Er sah, dass die Königin und ihre Diener fest in ihrem Sessel schliefen.

Also beschloss er, das Haus zu besichtigen. Er ging in dem Haus herum und fragte sich, warum ein so schönes Haus tief im Wald stand. Als er ein Zimmer betrat, erschrak er fürchterlich! Denn in dem Zimmer gab es sieben große Krüge voll mit Blut! "Was sind das bloß für Leute?", dachte er. "Und warum gibt es hier Krüge mit Blut?", fragte er sich. Da fürchtete er sich denn die einzigen Lebewesen im Wald, von denen er wusste, dass sie Blut saugten, waren die Mücken.

"Das müssen Mücken sein! Wenn ich hier bleibe, verfalle ich ihrem Zauber und kehre nie nach Hause zurück. Und sie werden mir mein ganzes Blut aussaugen!", dachte er. Und so rannte er zur Tür. Er wollte den verzauberten Wald sofort verlassen! Als er an seiner schlafenden Gastgeberin vorbeikam beschloss er, den Ohrring der Königin als Andenken zu stehlen. Die Ohrringe der Königin glitzerten im Licht des Speisesaals. Mit einer schnellen Bewegung konnte er einen ihrer Ohrringe abziehen. Den anderen Ohrring konnte er nicht abnehmen, denn die Königin schlief auf der Seite.

Als er fertig war, rannte er zur Tür und sah sich nicht einmal um. Er rannte und rannte, bis er das Meer erreichte. Und dann überquerte er das Meer und alle anderen Meere, bis er sich sicher fühlte - fern von der Königin und ihren Mücken.

Inzwischen war die Königin aufgewacht und hatte festgestellt, dass ihr hübscher Gast verschwunden war. Sein Ranzen war verschwunden und zu ihrem Ärger auch ihre Ohrringe! Sie war wütend und befahl all ihren Mücken, den Mann zu suchen und ihre wertvollen Ohrringe zurückzubringen. "Kommt nicht zurück, bevor ihr ihn gefunden habt! Und wenn ihr ihn gefunden habt, werde ich ihm sein ganzes Blut aussaugen", befahl sie wutschnaubend.
         
          Die Mücken taten sich zusammen und flogen dann in unterschiedliche Richtungen auseinander. Sie durchsuchten alle Gegenden und flogen über viele Meere, aber sie konnten den jungen Mann trotzdem nicht finden. Und deshalb summen die Mücken auch heute noch in unseren Ohren. Vermutlich prüfen sie, ob der Ohrring ihrer Königin an unserem Ohrläppchen hängt. Und bis sie ihn finden, werden die Mücken gerne in unseren Ohren summen!



Sabah Folklore ~ The White Crocodile of Pengalan


Once there was a very dry period in Sabah which lasted for three years. People could hardly find food or grow crops because the soil was too dry. All the streams had dried up, except for the Pegalan River which was also very low. Some people had built little huts on the river bank so that they could get water easily. They also fished in the river for food.

          Among those who came to live on the river bank was a poor old couple. Each day they went to the river to fish. Sometimes they had a good catch. Other times luck was just not with them. And when this happened, they had to go hungry for the day. One very hot day, they went fishing in the river as usual. They fished for several hours, but did not catch anything. Instead, on the river bank they found an egg which looked like a goose egg. They took it home, cooked and ate it. A few minutes later, their bodies began to itch. After a few days, white spots began to appear on their bodies. Their skin became very coarse and then they changed into crocodiles. But they had no tails! And they were white in colour!
          When this happened, they refused to leave their hut as they did not want the villagers to see them. After a week of not seeing them, their neighbors began to be suspicious. Thinking that something might have happened to them, the neighbors went to their hut to look for them. When they found the two crocodiles inside, they were shocked and wanted to run away. But the crocodiles assured them they would not be harmed and told the story about the strange egg. Still uneasy for their safety, the villagers suggested that the crocodiles should move into the Pegalan River.

          The two crocodiles realized they had no other choice but to leave. However, they wanted everyone to know that they were still their friends and they promised to protect the villagers from other crocodiles. In return, the villagers must promise not to kill crocodiles without good reason.

BY ANTHONY KALAWAT
(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Sabah Folklore ~ The Tale of Two Birds


In a deep valley surrounded by thick jungle, there was a little house in which a lonely orphan lived. In time, he grew up to be a strong and handsome young man. However, he was always sad for he had no friends to talk to. He felt as if he was the only person living in the whole wide world. Sine his parents died, he had not seen any living being other than wild animals in the jungle. He longed for his parents whom he missed and loved very much.

          One night, an old woman appeared to him in a dream. She asked him to fell a certain coconut tree not far from his home. So the next morning, he woke up early, took his parang and went to look for the coconut tree. When he found it, he saw that there was a bird’s nest perching on top of the tree. It took him a long time to fell the tree but he finally succeeded, he quickly took the nest. Inside were two beautiful nestlings. He took them home and made a very nice cage for them. He also fed them with little insects.

          As the days went by, the birds grew bigger and began to learn how to fly. One morning, the young man heard them talking. They asked him to go fishing in a small stream behind his house. In the afternoon, he went fishing and returned with two big fish. Upon seeing the fish, the birds volunteered to take them to a chieftain living not far from the house. But the young man refused to let them go for he feared they would not return. The birds promised not to fly away. In the evening, they returned with golden rings and earrings, as well as beautiful clothes presented to them by the chieftain’s wife. The young man was very happy.


          Sometime later, the young man caught another two very big fish. The birds were so pleased that they took them to the chieftain’s house immediately. Again, his wife gave them more presents. This time however, she asked them to have a bath in a small stream behind their house before they went back to the young man. So on their way home, the birds went for a little dip in the stream. As they came out of the water, they were changed into two beautiful young ladies. But they were very shy and did not know what to do. They went up the house and hid behind the door. The young man who was waiting at home did not hear them come in, for he was fast asleep. When he woke up and realized they had not returned, he was very sad. Taking his parang, he decided to go out and look for them. However, just as he was about to close the door, he saw the two young ladies hiding behind it. He was surprised and asked who they were. When he heard their fascinating story, he was so delighted that he invited them to stay with him. He also showered them with the presents he received from the chieftain’s wife.

          A few weeks later, a message was found on the door. It said that a young chief from a nearby village was coming to marry one of the ladies. In the meantime, the young man had asked the girl he loved most for her hand in marriage. Not long after their marriage, the chief came and took the other young lady away. But before they left, the chief used his magical power to change the little house into a big and beautiful mansion. The young man and his wife lived happily for the rest of their lives.

BY MARY GAKOI
(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Sabah Folklore ~ Tanaki


In a lonely village somewhere near Tambunan, there was an old woman who was believed to have possession of some very potent charms. For this, she was greatly feared by most of the villagers. This woman also had a son called Tanaki.

          At that time there was aterrible drought. It was so hot that even the water in the ponds and wells had completely dried up. All the crops had turned yellow. The soil cracked and was as hard as stone.

          Now, this old woman had asked her son to go into the woods to look for a stream. But he could not find any stream, so he cam home feeling hopless. Meanwhile, his mother several times tried calling the spirits for rain but to no avail.

          One night, while she was praying for rain, she heard a voice telling her that if she wanted water, she must offer her son to the spirit of the rain as a sacrifice. But she did not want to do that for she loved her son very much. However, as she looked around her and saw the sufferings of her people as a result of the drought, she realized she must do something immediately. After much thought, she decided to surrender her only son as an offering to the deity. With tears flowing down her wrinkled cheeks, she looked at her son’s sleeping face lovingly. It would be the last time she saw him, for the next morning when the sun rose, her dear son was gone. She called out his name several times. But he was nowhere to be seen. Then she remembered the spirit’s promise.

          As she stepped out of her house, she wondered what had possibly become of her son. Suddenly, she heard the sound of running water. To her surprise, there was a big stream in front of her house. Her sacrifice had not be in vain after all. In memory of her son the villagers named the new stream Tanaki. This stream is still flowing in Tambunan.

BY PAUL TOM
(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Sabah Folklore ~ The Tale of Two Suns


There was once a young couple who were very much in love. During their early married life, they spent all their time talking about having a prosperous family.
       
          In time, the wife became pregnant and gave birth to their first child. One morning, she had to go out to dry some padi from the barn. It was a good distance from their house. Before she set forth, she left word for her husband that she would not be back until midday for she also had some cleaning to do. When she reached the barn, the suns were already high and were very hot. In those days, there were two suns. They would rise at the same time and emit the same amount of heat. It is said that the amount of heat we get today is equal to that emitted by the two suns then.

          While the woman was spreading padi on the mat, the two suns became terribly hot. They were so hot that she had a stroke. The suns became still hotter. As she was lying on the ground, her stomach suddenly burst. Blood splashed all over her body and she died. Since the barn was quite far from her house, this terrible witnessed by anyone.

          Meanwhile, back home, her dear husband was wondering what could have happened to his beloved wife for it was past noon already but there was still no sign of her. He began to feel worried so he set out to look for her. As he approached the barn, he was surprised to see the door wide open. But there was no one in sight. He came closer and then he saw the horrible sight. There, in front of him was his wife’s dead body. He was so overcome with shock that for a moment he could not think or move. Then pulling himself together, he took her in his arms and cried aloud. He slowly carried her back to the house.

          That night, he tried to think what had possibly caused the death of his wife. It must be the two suns, he thought. If so, then he must confront them. In the morning, he took his best blowpipe and some darts, and set forth to find the suns. He walked for hours before he came to a spot where he could wait for the suns to rise. He waited anxiously. When the suns’ ray were just glimmering over the horizon, he took his best dart, and taking a careful aim, blew it towards one of them. To his relief, it struck one of the sun’s eyes. At that very moment, there was a sudden change in temperature. The earth became cooler. He uttered a loud cry in Kadazan, saying, Nah, nokohusi zou noh diozu do baino om purimono noh! (I have had my revenge and now feel it!). Relieved by the success of his vengeance, he decided to go home.

          Since then, the sun which was partially blind only shows up at night as our silvery moon. The other appears during the day and that is our lovely sun.

          When the villagers were told about what happened, they were very happy. They thanked the young man for making this world a more comfortable place in which to live.

BY NICHOLAS PALIKAT
(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Translation:

D'Etranges Jumeaux

Translated into French by Allison VUILLAUME
United States of America

Il était une fois à Sabah un jeune homme qui se cherchait une épouse. Il en chercha une dans son propre village mais n’en trouva aucune qui lui convînt. Il se rendit dans d’autres villages mais ne trouva aucune femme à son goût. Ceci commença à l’inquiéter et il décida de consulter la sorcière-guérisseuse.
“Je cherche une épouse mais n’en trouve aucune. Les dieux ne souhaitent peut-être pas que je me marie,” lui dit-il.
La sorcière-guérisseuse lui répondit: “Les dieux désirent que tu prennes une épouse mais ta femme vit à Papar. C’est là qu’elle t’attend.”

Le jeune homme se rendit à Papar. Il y vit une jeune femme qui lavait son linge près d’un puits. Elle était belle et il tomba immédiatement amoureux d’elle. Il la suivit jusqu’au village et alla directement chez elle.
En rentrant à la maison, la jeune fille dit à son père qu’un étranger l’y avait suivie.
Son père sortit de la maison et vit le jeune homme planté là.
“Pourquoi suis-tu ma fille et que veux-tu?” demanda le père.
L’homme répondit: “Je suis venu parce qu’on m’a dit que c’est ici que je rencontrerai ma femme. Quand je suis arrivé, j’ai vu votre fille près du puits. Je suis tombé amoureux d’elle et je l’ai suivie jusqu’ici dans l’espoir de l’épouser. A présent, j’aimerais avoir votre permission de l’épouser.”
A ces mots, le père fut très surpris.
Il dit à l’homme: “Entre et nous parlerons davantage de cette question.”
Le jeune homme était beau et honnête. Le vieil homme consentit à cette union et la jeune femme était heureuse aussi.
“Tu peux prendre ma fille pour épouse. Prends bien soin d’elle et assure-toi qu’il ne lui arrive rien,” lui dit le père de la jeune fille.
Le jeune homme promit de prendre soin d’elle. Le mariage fut célébré à Papar. L’homme y demeura pendant deux mois, puis il retourna dans son village avec son épouse.

Quand il arriva à Sabah, ce fut la fête au village. Les villageois furent surpris de voir comme sa femme était belle. Ils le félicitèrent de ce choix.
L’homme et sa femme vécurent heureux. Malheureusement, ils n’avaient pas d’enfants. Ils en étaient très attristés et se sentaient découragés. L’homme alla consulter de nombreuses sorcières-guérisseuses. Tous lui répondirent que sa femme n’était pas faite pour avoir un enfant.

Un jour, son épouse rencontra une amie qui lui donna des herbes. Elle prit les herbes et fut bientôt enceinte.
A cette époque, l’homme fit un rêve étrange. Dans son rêve, il vit deux étoiles. L’une était grosse et brillante, l’autre était petite et sombre. L’homme se demanda ce que ce rêve pouvait signifier. Il en fut très contrarié et en parla à sa femme.
Celle-ci lui dit : “Pourquoi ne vas-tu pas voir la sorcière-guérisseuse? Peut-être pourra-t-elle nous aider.”
Le jour suivant, l’homme alla voir la sorcière-guérisseuse. Il lui parla de son rêve.
“Ce rêve est un mauvais augure. Votre femme attend des jumeaux. L’un d’eux sera bien plus fort que l’autre. Le plus fort contrôlera toujours le plus faible.”
L’époux était vraiment triste. Il ne savait pas comment l’annoncer à sa femme. Il décida de n’en parler à personne. Dans ces temps-là, quand une femme donnait naissance à des jumeaux, on considérait cela comme maléfique.
La femme eut donc des jumeaux. L’un était normal, l’autre avait un long cou et des griffes au lieu des ongles. L’enfant normal était faible. L’autre marchait en crabe et les enfants du village ne l’approchaient pas.
Les parents aimaient beaucoup leurs enfants. Plus les années passaient, plus le garçon grandissait et sa mère s’affaiblissait. Un jour, alors qu’elle lavait le linge, elle tomba à terre et mourut. Son mari et ses enfants furent très tristes.
Il était alors coutume, quand une mère mourait dans le village, d’emmener ses jumeaux dans un endroit isolé de la forêt et de les abandonner à une mort certaine. Le père refusa. Il aimait trop ses fils.
Quand les villageois entendirent parler de ceci, ils vinrent voir le père.
Ils lui demandèrent: “Pourquoi as-tu gardé les jumeaux dans ta maison? Ils sont une malédiction pour ta famille. Tu dois suivre la tradition. Envoie-les loin avant que quelque chose de terrible n’arrive au village.”
Le père était très triste. Il emmena ses fils dans la forêt. Ses fils lui demandèrent de ne pas les abandonner. Le père accepta alors de rester avec eux. Ils marchèrent longtemps et arrivèrent à une grotte. Les anciens du village disaient que cette grotte se trouvait quelque part près du tunnel ferroviaire de Papar. Cependant, personne ne l’avait trouvée. Le père et ses fils restèrent dans cette grotte. Ils récoltaient des fruits dans la forêt et tuaient des animaux sauvages pour se nourrir. Le jumeau le plus fort s’occupait du plus faible.
Plusieurs années passèrent et le père se fit vieux. Il appela le jumeau le plus fort et lui dit: “Tu es plus fort que ton frère. Je suis devenu vieux. Tu dois toujours prendre soin de ton frère.”
Sur ces mots, l’homme mourut. Les deux frères pleurèrent longtemps. Le jumeau le plus fort prit grand soin du plus faible. Il allait chasser puis, de retour à la grotte, il préparait à manger pour son frère.

Un jour, alors que le jumeau le plus fort était à la chasse, un tigre entra dans la grotte. Il attaqua le jumeau le plus faible et le tua.
Quand l’autre jumeau revint et trouva son frère étendu sur le sol, mort, il fut pris d’une immense colère. Il partit à la recherche du tigre et le tua. Puis, il enterra son frère dans la grotte. Il était très triste et pleura pendant plusieurs jours. Il vécut dans la grotte jusqu’à sa mort.





Sabah Folklore ~ Lunguyan Stone


There was a man called Tomboloi who went hunting with his dog in the jungle. He was away for several days, yet he did not catch any game. Finally he became tired and sat down to think about his misfortune. He was also very hungry for he had not eaten for days and while thinking, he fell asleep. Suddenly, he was awakened by the voice of a man calling him. He turned around to see a man whom he did not recognize standing behind him. The stranger said, “Do not be afraid for I have come in peace.” He said his name was Pesawat and he had come from heaven. Toboloi thought he was a god and felt frightened. But the man assured him that he had come to give him some good news.

          Pesawat said if Tomboloi could organize a feast in his village, he would send many birds to his home and take everybody to heaven. After saying this, he disappeared and Tomboloi continued his walk home. At about midday, he heard a loud noise. It was a wild boat with two big tusks! When his dog saw the boar, it went after it and fought fiercely. Since the dog was only half the size of the boar, it was almost killed by the time Tomboloi arrived at the scene. However, eventually, Tomboloi and his dog managed to kill the brute. The carcass was so big that Tomboloi could not carry it home so he took only the head, legs and tail. The rest was left to rot. When he arrived at his village it was already dark. His friends were very happy to see him home safely and that he had a good hunt. Tomboloi told them about his strange encounter with Pesawat and the fight and his dog had with the wild boar.

          That night, they had a big feast and they were still drinking when the sun rose the next morning. Nobody went to sleep for they were anxiously waiting for the birds to come. Then the promise was fulfilled. Hundreds of huge birds came noisily down to the village. But Sawong Kerokok, the native chief, was afraid and did not know what to do.

          There was also amongst the villagers a man called Gauk-Gauk, which means drunkard in Kadazan. At this time, he was drunk and acting crazy. He thought those birds would be good for supper so he went out with his parang and killed five of them. The rest of the birds flew away. Sawong Kerukok was furious when he saw what Gauk-Gauk had done. While he was busy arguing with Gauk-Gauk, strange noises were suddenly heard from above. Then there was a voice saying that as a punishment for Gauk-Gauk’s evil deeds, everybody would be turned into stone. A great storm followed. As it rained, everything in the village turned into stone and the big house where the feast was held became a cave. This cave is now called Batu Lunguyan and can still be seen today. It is located about two miles from Tulid, Keningau.

BY JOHNNY TAN
(TALES AND TRADITIONS FROM SABAH, 1989)
(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Sabah Folklore ~ Turtle's Legend in Sabah


Many, many years ago, there lived an old woman. This woman was well-liked in her village. She was very beautiful when she was young and had married a stranger from another village. She had a son. His name was Kumbir.
            When Kumbir was five years old, his father died. While he was walking in the forest a huge tree fell on him. This made Kumbir’s mother very sad. She had to work and support her son. She did work for the others and she also sewed clothes. In this way she brought up her son who became a young and handsome man.
            The woman worked very hard. At last, she became old and ill. However her son was of no use. He never did any work. Everyday he would go down the river. There he would disturb he girls who were washing clothes and bathing. He would waste his time with boys who did nothing useful. The mother often advised him but he never listened. She would even ask the chief to talk to the boy. However, all their efforts failed.
One day Kumbir was walking in the jungle. He saw a young girl picking fruit from a tree. He stopped and talked to her.
            “I’ve never seen you before. Are you new to the village?”  he asked.
            “Yes, I am new to the village. My parents and I just moved to the village yesterday. We are staying opposite the chief’s house,” replied the girl. She then walked away.
            Kumbir liked the girl very much. He went to the jungle and met her there often. As time passed he fell in love with that girl and wanted to marry her.
            One day, an old friend met Kumbir’s mother. She asked him how her son was.
            “Where is your son? I am sure he must be a brave young man by now. Life should be much easier now than he has grown up.”
            “No,” the lady said sadly. “He has grown up, but he is more a burden than anything else. He refuses to do any work. He wastes his time with his friends,” she added. The friend was surprise to hear this. She was saddened too. The friend then said,”Let me try and talk to him. Perhaps he will listen to me.” She said this and left.
            When the friend saw the boy, she told him about his mother’s worries. The boy did not seem to listen. The friend went to the mother and suggested that should get married. The friend told the mother, “ I know a lot of young man who wasted their time doing nothing. After marriage, they became responsible.”
            That night the mother asked Kumbir, “ Son, I’ve something important to talk to you. Please come here. If you like any girl in the village, please let me know. I’ll get you married to her.”
            So the son said to the mother, “ I have met the girl in our village. She stays opposite the chief’s house. I want to marry this girl.”
            The mother was surprised to hear this. The next day, the mother went to see the girl’s family. The family liked Kumbir very much and agreed to the marriage. A few weeks later, the wedding was held. All the people in the village celebrated the wedding. Kumbir’s wife came to live with his mother. She never did any work in the house. All the work had to be done by Kumbir’s mother. Kumbir never took pity on his mother. He never told his wife to help his mother.


A few months later, the woman’s friend came again. She asked about Kumbir. Kumbir’s mother complained about him and his wife. Kumbir’s wife became very angry. When the friend left the house, Kumbir’s wife scolded her mother-in-law.
            “I never knew you hated me so much. Why do you complain about me to your friends?” said the daughter-in-law.
            When Kumbir returned home that evening, his wife complained.
            “Your mother hates me very much. I heard she complaining about you and me to her friends. I will not stay in this house anymore. It is like hell to me.” she said. The old woman tried to calm down the daughter-in-law but she would not listen. Kumbir’s wife asked Kumbir to build a new house where they could stay on their own.
            The next day, Kumbir took a few of his friends and built a new house. His mother begged him not to go but he would not listen.Instead, he pushed her aside. The old woman fell down and injured herself. There were some thorny leaves lying on the floor. She had brought them to make medicine. The young girl also pushed the old woman. The mother fell on the thorny leaves and was blinded. She could not see anymore and cried for help. Kumbir and his wife left for their new home.


            The old woman wept. She realized that she was old, sickly and blind. She thought of who would help her or give her food. She just wept and wept. The daughter-in-law told the village people that her mother-in-law was cruel. She said that her mother-in-law would often beat her. The villagers believed this story.
            The old woman stayed all by herself. She did not eat or drink. She did not move  from her place at all. At last, she decided that she would beg her son to return. She thought she would jump into deep river if her son did not return to her.
            Slowly, she came out of the house. She tried to find the way to her son’s house. She asked the people but no one would helped her. The villagers believed the young girl’s story. They were angry with the old woman. Slowly, she came near to the river. She could hear the sound of running water. She sat down by the river.
            She thought to herself, “What a cruel world this is. When I was young and beautiful, young men could come around me. Now that I am old and helpless, no one wants to help me.” She looked very sad.
            As she was weeping, a big turtle came out of the river. It saw the woman sitting there alone.
            “You are blind and you are sitting near a river. It is too dangerous,” said the turtle.
            “I want to kill myself by jumping ito the river,” said the old lady. My son has left me. My daughter-in-law says bad things about me to all the village people. They believe her. Everyone is against me. Why should I live?” added the old lady.
            “Do you think that killing yourself will solve the problem? Will your son and daughter-in-law change if you kill yourself? No, you must prove yourself. Come, I’ll take you to the chief. We will explain all to him. He will tell you what to do,” said the turtle.


The chief called for all the people to assemble. The people gathered noisily. The chide asked them to be quiet. When they were quiet, the chide asked the turtle to speak.
            The turtle said, “All of you have made a mistake. You have not believes this old lady’s story. Instead, you have believed the daughter-in-law’s false story. Ask her for forgiveness. Otherwise, a bad curse will fall on this village.”
            The people were frightened. They realized their fault. They asked the old lady for forgiveness. They also scolded the son and daughter-in-law for treating the old ldady badly. Kumbir and his wife promised to look after the old lady.
            The old lady was very happy. She went to the turtle and said, “Youhave saved my life and given me happiness. How can I thank you?”
            The turtle replied, “For what I have done, I ask you one favour. Please tell al the human beings that they should not eat the meat of the turtles.”
            The old lady went up to the chief and made this request. The chief agreed and ordered everyone to leave he turtle in peace.
            To this day, many people in Sabah do not eat turtle meat.

Adapted from: Turtle’s Legends In Sabah.
(By Patrick SameulSebastian)
Pages: 3 – 19

(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)


Sabah Folklore ~ The Origin of the World


Long ago, the world had not yet existed and in fact there was nothing at all on the face of the earth except for a round piece of rock.
          One day the rock split and inside the rock were two children, a boy and a girl. They came out of the rock and stood on it. From inside the rock, underneath them, a stream of water flowed.
          These children grew up to become knowledgeable adults and they sought to form the world. One day, the man sensed an aura of energy in the air. When he reached out for it with his hand, he noticed that it bore a smell. He brought his hand to his nose and smelled the aroma of the sky. Immediately he desired to form it. The woman too smelled another aura of energy in the air. She reached out for it and it smelled of the earth. With that she desired to form land for the world they sought to create.
          Together, they sat for the night and started their work. The man began to form a piece of sky and the woman used her hands to mold some earth. As the man forged, the sky in his hands began to grow and widen. The piece of earth between the woman’s hands also began to grow. But very soon, the man became sleepy and went to sleep for awhile. The woman was still wide-awake and continued to work on forming the land. When the woman realized that her piece of land had grown so much more than the man’s piece of sky, she woke him up.
          “Come on now, wake up and continue forming the sky. Look, my piece of land is getting quite large. Soon you would not have enough sky for my land,” she told him.
          The man was disgruntled but nevertheless woke up to work on his sky. So there they were again, forming the sky and land for the world they were creating.
          Both the man and woman sensed that their handiwork was indeed getting larger. But goodness gracious! The man fell asleep again. Meanwhile the woman was tirelessly forming the earth in between her hands so that they will become lands. So diligent was she that she could actually sneak in a break and have a short nap as her hands continued forming land!

One day, the woman could no longer get the man to continue on his work of forming the sky. “Oh come on now! Would you pleas wake up? You really need to form more sky. Just take a look at all the land I’ve formed,” the woman urged the man.
          The man roused himself from his sleep and said, “Goodness! Just how much land do you need to form? You know the piece of sky I have formed is really more than enough for your land. Leave me alone, I am really sleepy.” With that, he went on back to sleep.
          “But just take a look at my land now, it truly is bigger than your sky,” the woman told the man.
          He said, “Alright, alright, I shall walk around all the land you have formed and see for myself whether my piece of sky above your land is indeed smaller than your piece of land.”
          So he got up and began to walk all around it. My, my! Yes indeed, the sky was too small! For all the land could not fit under the sky. With a great urgency and with all his might, the man started pushing the land inwards so that it will form into piles. He pushed some and pulled some and pretty soon, he managed to make a few piles here and there. Finally, all the earth could fit under the piece of sky he made. Albeit, some of the earth was piled up high, while others were flat.
          And so it was and came to be the belief of our ancestors, that these piles of earth are actually hills and mountains. For no hills and mountains were formed until the man had pushed and piled the earth. Surely it was right here in our village that the man had piled up all the earth!

(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)

Translated Version:


Sabah Folklore ~ Der Anfang der Welt (DE)

By, Eva May-Ingelmund
Germany


Vor langer Zeit existierte die Welt noch gar nicht und es gab in der Tat überhaupt nichts auf dem Antlitz der Erde bis auf ein rundes Stück Fels.
Eines Tages brach der Felsen entzwei und in seinem Inneren waren zwei Kinder, ein Junge und ein Mädchen. Sie kamen aus dem Fels hervor und stellten sich darauf. Unter ihnen floss aus dem Felsinneren ein Strom Wassers.
Die beiden Kinder wuchsen heran und aus ihnen wurden kluge Erwachsene, die sich zur Aufgabe machten, die Welt zu gestalten. Eines Tages spürte der Mann eine Art Wolke voller Energie in der Luft. Als er mit seiner Hand danach griff, bemerkte er, dass ein Geruch davon ausging. Er führte seine Hand zu seiner Nase und er roch den Duft des Himmels. Sofort verspürte er den innigen Wunsch, den Himmel zu formen. Auch die Frau nahm eine Energiewolke in der Luft wahr. Sie griff danach und sie roch den Duft der Erde. Damit wollte sie das Land für die Welt formen, die sie erschaffen wollten.
Gemeinsam ließen sie sich für die Nacht nieder und begannen mit ihrer Arbeit. Der Mann fing an, ein Stück Himmel zu bilden und die Frau modellierte mit ihren Händen etwas Erde. Während der Mann formte, begann der Himmel in seinen Händen zu wachsen und sich auszudehnen. Auch die Erde in den Händen der Frau begann zu wachsen. Aber schon nach kurzer Zeit wurde der Mann schläfrig und legte sich für eine Weile zum Schlafen nieder. Die Frau jedoch war noch immer hellwach und fuhr damit fort, das Land zu formen. Als sie aber bemerkte, dass ihr Stück Land schon viel größer war, als das Stück Himmel des Mannes, da weckte sie ihn auf.
"Komm schon, wach auf und arbeite weiter an dem Himmel. Sieh nur, mein Stück Land ist schon recht groß. Bald wird es zu wenig Himmel für mein Land geben", sagte sie zu ihm.
Der Mann war verärgert, aber er stand trotzdem auf und arbeitete weiter an seinem Himmel. So fuhren sie also fort und formten den Himmel und die Erde für die Welt, die sie erschufen.
Sowohl der Mann als auch die Frau merkten, dass das Werk ihrer Hände tatsächlich immer größer wurde. Aber, oh je!! Der Mann schlief wieder ein. Währenddessen formte die Frau unermüdlich die Erde zwischen ihren Händen zu Land. Sie war so emsig, dass sie sogar eine kleine Pause einlegen und ein Nickerchen machen konnte, während ihre Hände weiterhin Land formten!
Eines Tages jedoch gelang es der Frau nicht mehr, den Mann dazu zu bewegen, seine Arbeit am Himmel fortzusetzen. "Ach, jetzt komm schon! Würdest du bitte aufwachen? Du musst wirklich mehr Himmel machen. Sieh dir nur all das Land an, das ich geformt habe", drängte sie den Mann.
Der Mann stand auf und sagte, "Du meine Güte! Wie viel Land willst du denn noch machen? Du weißt, dass das Stück Himmel, das ich gemacht habe, wirklich mehr als ausreichend ist für dein Land. Lass mich in Ruhe, ich bin wirklich müde." Und damit legte er sich wieder schlafen.
"Aber sieh dir mein Land doch jetzt einmal an, es ist wirklich größer als dein Himmel", sprach die Frau zu dem Mann.
Er sagte: "Schon gut, schon gut. Ich werde um das Land, das du gemacht hast, herumgehen und selbst sehen, ob mein Stück Himmel über deinem Land kleiner ist, als dein Stück Land."
Also erhob er sich und begann um das Land herum zu gehen. Und sieh an, sieh an! Ja, der Himmel war tatsächlich zu klein! Denn das gesamte Land passte nicht unter den Himmel. Mit großem Eifer und all seiner Kraft fing der Mann an, das Land nach innen zu schieben, so dass es sich ineinander schob. Er drückte hier und zog dort und schon bald war es ihm gelungen, hier und da einige Stapel zu bilden. Letzten Endes passte das ganze Land unter das von ihm gemachte Stück Himmel, wenn auch ein Teil der Erde hoch aufgeschichtet und andere Teile eben waren.
Und so kam es, dass unsere Vorfahren zu dem Glauben gelangten, dass diese aufgeschichteten Stapel Erde in Wirklichkeit Hügel und Berge sind. Denn es waren keine Hügel und Berge geschaffen, bevor der Mann die Erde ineinander schob und sie aufeinander stapelte. Und ganz gewiss war es genau hier, in unserem Dorf, wo der Mann all die Erde aufeinander gehäuft hat!!


Sabah Folklore ~ The Strange Twins


In Sabah, there was once a young man who sought for wife. He searched for his bride in his own village. He could not find a suitable one. He went to other villages and could not find anyone of his choice. This worried him and he decided to see a witch doctor.
“I am looking for a wife but I am unable to find one. Perhaps the gods do not want me to get married,” he said.
The witch doctor told him, “It is indeed the wish of the gods that you should get married. However, your wife is in Papar. She is awaiting you there.”
The young man went to Papar. There he saw a young lady washing clothes by the well. She was beautiful and he immediately fell in love with her. He followed her to the village and went straight to her house.
The young girl on reaching the house told her father that a stranger had followed her to the house.
The father came out of the house and saw him standing there.
“Why are you following my daughter and what do you want?” asked the girl’s father.
The man answered, “I have come here because I was told that this is the place where I shall meet my wife. When I arrived, I saw your daughter by the well. I fell in love with her and have followed her here in the hope that I may be able to marry her. Now I am seeking your permission to marry her.”
The father was surprised when he heard this.
He told the man, “Come inside and we will talk about this matter further.”
The young man was handsome and he was also honest. The old man gave his consent and the young lady was happy too.
“You may marry my daughter. Take good care of her and make sure no harm comes to her,” said the girl’s father.
The young man promised to look after her. The wedding was held in Papar itself. After staying there for about two months he returned home with his wife.


When he reached his house he had a celebration in his village. The people in the village were surprised to see how beautiful his wife was. They congratulated the man on his choice.
The man and his wife lived happily. Unfortnately he had no children. They were very sad and dishearted. The man went to many witch doctors but they all said the time was not right for his wife to have a child.

One day the wife met a friend who gave her some herbs. She took the herbs and soon she was expecting her first child.


During this time the man had a strange dream. In his dream he saw two stars. One star was big and bright and the other was small and dim. The man wondered what the dream could probably mean. He was very upset about it and spoke to his wife.
She said, “Why don’t you go and see the witch doctor? Perhaps she will be able to help us.”
The next day the man went to see the witch doctor. He told the doctor about his dream.
“The dream is a bad omen. Your wife is going to bear you twins. One of them will be much stronger than the other. The stronger one will always control the weaker one.”
The husband was very sad. He did not know how to tell his wife. He decided not to tell anyone about this. In those days when a woman gave birth to twins it was considered to be evil.
The twins, one was normal and the other had a long neck and claws instead of fingers. The normal child was weak. The other walked sideways like a crab and all the children kept away from him.
The parents loved the children very much. Over the years the boy grew up. Meanwhile the mother became very weak. One day as she was washing clothes the mother fell down and died. Her husband and the children were very sad.
Now, it was the custom of the place that when the mother dies, the twins should be taken to an isolated spot in the forest and left to die. The father refused to do this. He loved his sons very much.
When the villagers heard about this they came to the father.
They asked, “Why have you kept the twins in the house? They are a curse to your family. You must follow the custom. Send the twins away before some harm comes to the village.”
The father was very sad. He took the sons to the forest. The sons asked the father not to leave them. The father then agreed to stay with them. They walked on until they came to a cave. Old people say that this cave is somewhere near the railway tunnel at Papar. However, it has not been found. The father and sons stayed in that cave. They ate wild fruit and killed wild animals for food. The stronger twin looked after the weaker one.
After some years, the father became old. He called the stronger twin and told him, “You are stronger than your brother. I am getting old. You must always look after your brother.”
After saying this the old man died. The two sons wept for a long time. The stronger twin took very good care of the weaker twin. He went out hunting. He returned to the cave and prepared meals for his brother.
One day, while the stronger twin went out hunting a tiger entered the cave. The tiger attacked the weaker twin and killed him.


When the stronger twin came back he saw his brother lying dead. He was very angry. He went in search of the tiger and killed it. Then he buried his brother in the cave itself. The stronger twin was very sad. He wept for days. He lived in the cave alone until his dying day.


Translations:

German language
By, Stefanie Leipold
Language: German
Email: stefanie_leipold@1email.eu


Sabah Folklore ~ Die seltsamen Zwillinge

Es war einmal ein Mann in Sabah auf der Suche nach einer Ehefrau. Er suchte zunächst in seinem Heimatdorf. Als er keine passende Frau finden konnte, ging er in anderen Städten auf die Suche. Auch dort konnte er keine finden, die ihm gefiel. Das bereitete ihm große Sorgen und er beschloss, eine Wahrsagerin aufzusuchen.

„Ich bin auf der Suche nach einer Ehefrau, aber ich finde keine. Vielleicht wollen die Götter nicht, dass ich heirate“, sagte er.

Der Wahrsagerin antwortete ihm: „Doch, es ist der Wunsch der Götter, dass du heiratest. Aber deine Frau ist in Papar, sie wartet dort auf dich.“

Der junge Mann ging nach Papar. Dort sah er ein junges Mädchen, das seine Kleider im Brunnen wusch. Sie war wunderschön und es war Liebe auf den ersten Blick. Er folgte ihr ins Dorf.
Als das Mädchen zu Hause ankam, erzählte sie ihrem Vater, dass ein Fremder ihr gefolgt war.
Der Vater ging nach draußen und sah ihn dort stehen.

„Warum folgen Sie meiner Tochter?“, fragte der Vater des Mädchens.
Der Mann antwortete: „Ich bin hierhergekommen, weil man mir sagte, dass dies der Ort sei, an dem ich meine zukünftige Frau treffen würde. Als ich ihre Tochter sah, hab ich mich in sie verliebt und bin ihr in der Hoffnung sie zu heiraten gefolgt. Ich möchte sie nun um Erlaubnis bitte, ihre Tochter zu zur Frau zu nehmen.“
Der Vater war sehr überrascht als er das hörte und bat den Fremden herein.
Da er ein sehr gutaussehender und ehrlicher junger Mann war, stimmte der Alte zu und auch das Mädchen war glücklich.

„Ich erlaube Ihnen, meine Tochter zur Frau zu nehmen. Sorgen Sie gut für sie und lassen sie ihr nichts widerfahren“, sagte der Vater.

Der junge Mann versprach, sich gut um sie zu kümmern. Die Hochzeit fand in Papar statt. Danach kehrte er mit seiner Frau in sein Heimatdorf zurück, wo er ein großes Fest veranstaltet. Die Dorfbewohner waren erstaunt, wie schön seine Frau war und alle gratulierten.
Der Mann und seine Frau führten ein glückliches Leben. Aber leider blieben sie kinderlos. Das machte sie sehr traurig. Der Mann fragte viele Wahrsagerinnen um Rat, doch alle sagten ihm, dass es nicht der richtige Zeitpunkt für seine Frau wäre ein Kind zu bekommen.
Eines Tages traf seine Frau eine Bekannte, die ihr ein paar Kräuter gab. Sie nahm die Kräuter und erwartete schon bald ihr erstes Kind.

Zu jener Zeit hatte der Mann einen seltsamen Traum. Er träumte von zwei Sternen. Der eine war groß und hell, der andere aber war klein und leuchtete schwach. Der Mann überlegte, was dieser Traum bedeuten könnte. Als er seiner Frau davon erzählte, sagte sie: „Warum gehst du nicht zur Wahrsagerin? Vielleicht kann sie uns helfen.“

Am nächsten Tag machte sich der Mann auf den Weg zur Wahrsagerin und erzählte ihr von seinem Traum.
„Der Traum ist ein schlechtes Vorzeichen. Ihre Frau wird Zwillinge bekommen. Einer von ihnen wird sehr viel stärker sein als der andere und immer über den Schwächeren wachen.“
Der Mann war niedergeschlagen. Er wusste nicht wie er das seiner Frau beibringen soll. Wenn man zu jener Zeit Zwillinge gebar, galt man als verflucht. So beschloss er, niemandem davon zu erzählen.
Als die Zwillinge zur Welt kamen, war einer normal und der andere hatte einen langen Hals und Klauen statt Finger. Das normale Kind war schwach. Das andere jedoch lief seitwärts wie ein Krebs und alle Kinder machten einen großen Bogen um ihn.

Die Eltern liebten ihre Kinder sehr. Mit den Jahren wurde die Mutter sehr krank und schwach. Eines Tages stürzte sie beim Waschen zu Boden und starb. Ihr Mann und die Kinder waren sehr traurig.
Doch wie es Brauch an diesem Ort war, wenn die Mutter stirbt, sollten die Zwillinge in den Wald gebracht werden, um sie dort verhungern zu lassen. Doch der Vater wollte das nicht zulassen, er liebte seine Söhne so sehr.

Als die Dorfbewohner das erfuhren, kamen sie zum Vater: „Warum lässt du die Zwillinge bei dir im Haus? Sie sind der Fluch deiner Familie. Folge dem Brauch und schicke die Zwillinge fort, bevor das ganze Dorf verflucht wird.“

Der Vater war sehr traurig. Er brachte seine Söhne in den Wald. Als sie ihn anflehten, sie nicht hier zu lassen, beschloss der Vater bei ihnen zu bleiben. Sie gingen weiter bis sie an eine Höhle kamen, von der man sagte, sie befinde sich irgendwo in der Nähe des Eisenbahntunnels bei Papar. Man hatte sie jedoch nie gefunden. Der Vater blieb mit seinen Söhnen in dieser Höhle. Sie ernährten sich von wilden Früchten und Tieren.

Als der Vater mit den Jahren älter und schwächer wurde, rief er den Stärkeren seiner Söhne zu sich: „Du bist stärker als dein Bruder. Du musst dich immer gut um ihn kümmern.“
Daraufhin starb der alte Mann. Die beiden Söhne weinten lange um ihn. Der stärkere gab gut auf den schwächeren Zwilling Acht. Er ging auf die Jagd und bereitete das Essen.
Eines Tages, als der stärkere Zwilling Jagen war, kam ein Tiger in die Höhle. Der Tiger griff den schwächeren Zwilling an und tötete ihn.

Als der stärkere Zwilling zurückkam, sah er seinen Bruder tot in der Höhle liegen. Er war unheimlich wütend. Er ging los und tötete den Tiger. Dann beerdigte er seinen Bruder in der Höhle. Von da an lebte er alleine in der Höhle bis er starb.


Sabah Folklore ~ The Sunken Longhouse of Patau


Long time ago, people believed in all kinds of superstition. They worshipped the trees, rocks, the stars and even the moon. Many of the people believed that if they did not give sacrifices to the devil and evil spirits, they won’t be left in peace and will suffer. One may laugh at their beliefs, but the people of Patau in Tambunan point to a swamp as a testimony to the truth of their beliefs.
          The swamp was where a longhouse once stood. The people of this longhouse practiced a strange kind of custom. They would send their children to a remote place deep in the jungle and these children would then be called children of the devil. In this manner, the people worshipped the devil and practised all kinds of strange ceremonies. Even women and children were sacrificed to the devil.


          One day, a stranger came to the village. When he saw what was going on, he thought, “I will take up residence and change the people. The devil worship has to stop!” He stayed in the village and become friendly with the inhabitants of the village. He helped them and even joined them in their devil worship ceremonies. This, however was just to win their trust and friendship.

                                               
          Some time later, the people of the village decided to choose a new leader. One of  the elders said, “Let the stranger be the leader among us. He has helped us. He is wise too.” So the stranger was appointed to be the leader.
          The stranger met a beautiful girl in the village and married her. They had two children. They were very happy. However, the man’s mind was never at peace. He wanted to change the people from their diabolical worship.
          He summoned the people one day and told them, “From now onwards, we shall stop sacrificing our women and children to the devil and the evil spirits.”
          Everyone was surprised. Some were even shocked. “This cannot be. They will not leave us alone. The evil spirits will haunt us and there will be no peace in the village.” they commented.
          The stranger told the people not to fear. “The devil is not as strong as we think he is. If we are united and not afraid of him, we should have no problems.”
          The people listened to their new leader and obeyed his words. They stopped sacrificing their woman and children. Happiness and joy came to the village.


Soon, the leader asked the people to stop the devil worship altogether. By this time the people were more prepared to obey and follow the advice of their leader. In this way, the devil worship came to an end.
          The village became well-known. Those who stayed away from the village visited the place once again. The community were more friendly and no longer killed visitors or strangers as they used to. The leader was very happy because he had changed the inhabitants from their evil customs.
          In the under world, the devil became very wrathful. “Who is that stranger who has stopped my people from worshipping me? They have stopped their sacrifices!”
          One of the evil spirits said, “He is a strong warrior. He prays and worships the gods of heaven and receives strength from them. That is how he managed to influence their thinking.”
          The devil then told one of his followers, “Go to earth and kill the stranger!” The follower left immediately.
          The follower took the form of an old woman. She came to the village and asked for shelter and food. As a kind man, the stranger invited her in. “There is plenty of food,” he told her. “You can stay here as long as you like.”
          The old woman thanked the leader. When no one was looking, she put some poison into his food. The leader ate the food without realising that it was poisoned. No sooner had he tasted he died. The old woman laughed to herself. She then changed into a spirit and disappeared into the twillight of the evening.
          The wife was in the kitchen when she heard the old woman laughing. Soon, her two children came running to her. “The old woman has left and father is sleeping. He has not eaten his food.” “The wife was surprised and quickly ran to the sitting room. When she saw her husband lying motionless she realised that he was dead.
          She screamed and shouted in lamentations and anger. The children stared at their father, speechless. When the neighbours heard the loud shouting, they came quickly, “What has happened?” they asked her. The wife was unable to speak, but merely pointed to the body of her dead husband. They were all shocked. “Who could have done such an evil thing?”


Soon, many people were gathered in the house. They were all very grief-stricken because their leader was a good man who had corrected them from their evil ways. Now, who was there to guide them in the right way? They wept.
          In the following week, the people did not go out into the fields. They didi not work but merely sat at home, thinking of a new leader. They needed another man to guide them in the right path. Finally they selected a candidate.
          This leader was a good man. However, he was not as firm or as brave as the previous leader. He tried his best to manage the affairs of the community.
          The devil saw that his leader was a weakling. “Here is our opportunity to destroy this people who have turned away from us. Their leader is a man of little faith and is not able to command the respect and confidence of the community.
          In the village, the people were having a feast in the longhouse. They were celebrating in the election of their new leader. Everyone was happy.
          The evil spirits came to the village. They entered into some of the men who were drunk. These men began to make all sorts of strange noise. They screamed and shouted  and hurled abuses at one another.
          One of the men who was not possessed became very tired. “I will go and lie down under the coconut tree. When I am fresh, I will join the feast.” saying this, he excused himself from the revellers and slept under the tree. He could still hear the sound of merriment coming from the longhouse.


          The man was sleeping soundly when he was suddenly awakened by a loud noise. He got up and in the light of the full moon, he saw  a huge shadow taking form in the sky. He rubbed his eyes and watched more carefully. He could see that it was the devil of destruction. The devil had long ears and big eyes and was frightening to look at. The devil was moving towards the longhouse with outstretched arms. The man knew that the longhouse was going to be destroyed.
          At first, the man stood there, not knowing what to do. Later, he came back to his senses. He ran to the longhouse.  As he entered it, he shouted, “The devil of destruction is heading towards this longhouse, it is going to arrive any moment. Leave the palace and run fro your lives!”
          The people were too drunk to listen. They shouted at the man and asked him to keep quiet. Some even called him mad. “He drank too much!” said others.
          When the man saw that the people did not believe him, he took his wife and ran away. Just as they reached the edge of the village, the longhouse collapsed and sank into the ground. It then started raining and slowly water covered the longhouse.
          The couple meanwhile, escaped into Patau and lived there. They are said to be the ancestors of Patau.



(Courtesy from: www.sabah.edu.my)


Translations:


Rachida TOUDERT-BENBEKHTI
Translator English, Italian > French
Working mailbox: 8 rue des Blanes
F-66000 Perpignan



Folklore de Sabah – La cabane engloutie de Patau

Il y a fort longtemps, les gens croyaient en toutes sortes de superstitions. Ils adoraient les arbres, les rochers, les étoiles et même la lune. Beaucoup croyaient même que s’ils n’offraient pas de sacrifices au diable et aux mauvais esprits, ils seraient maudits et endureraient des souffrances terribles. Certes, de telles croyances feraient sourire plus d’un, mais pour prouver leur véracité, les habitants de Patau au Tambunan donnent pour exemple le marais.
Le marais était à l’endroit même où s’était dressé jadis une cabane. Les personnes habitant cette cabane pratiquaient un étrange rituel. Elles envoyaient leurs enfants très loin au cœur de la jungle et ces enfants étaient ensuite appelés les enfants du diable. C’est ainsi que ces personnes adoraient le diable et pratiquaient toutes sortes de cérémonies étranges. Même les femmes et les enfants étaient sacrifiés au diable.


Un jour, un étranger arriva au village. Quand il vit de ses yeux ce qui s’y passait, il se dit : « je vais m’installer ici et changer les personnes. Le culte de diable doit cesser ! ». Il s’installa donc au village et se lia d’amitié avec tous les habitants. Il les aidait et prenait même part à leurs cérémonies de culte du diable. Son but était toutefois de gagner leur confiance et leur amitié.
                                             

Quelque temps après, les habitants du village décidèrent de choisir un nouveau chef. Un des aînés dit : « Demandons à l’étranger d’être notre chef. Il nous a aidés et c’est un homme sage ». C’est ainsi que l'étranger fut nommé chef.
Il rencontra ensuite une belle jeune femme dans le village et décida de l'épouser. Ils eurent deux enfants et étaient très heureux. Cependant, l'esprit de l'homme était toujours tourmenté. Son désir d’éloigner les habitants de leur culte diabolique était toujours aussi pressant.
Un jour, il convoqua les habitants et leur dit : « A partir d’aujourd’hui, nous cesserons de sacrifier nos femmes et nos enfants au diable et aux mauvais esprits ».
Tous furent surpris par cette déclaration. Certains étaient même choqués. « Ce n’est pas possible. Ils ne nous laisseront pas tranquilles. Les mauvais esprits nous hanteront et ce village ne sera jamais en paix », dirent-ils.
L'étranger assura aux habitants qu’il n’y avait pas lieu d’avoir peur. « Le diable n'est pas aussi fort que nous le croyons. Si nous sommes unis et faisons preuve de courage, nous n’aurons aucun problème ».
Les habitants écoutèrent leur nouveau chef et obéirent. Ils cessèrent les sacrifices de leurs femmes et de leurs enfants. Le bonheur et la joie étaient enfin revenus au village.

Peu de temps après, le chef demanda aux habitants de cesser définitivement tout culte du diable. Tous étaient déjà nettement plus disposés à obéir et à suivre les conseils de leur chef. C’est ainsi que le culte du diable prit fin.
Le village acquit même une certaine notoriété. Ceux qui avaient pris leurs distances décidèrent de retourner au village. La communauté était à nouveau accueillante et plus aucun visiteur ou étranger ne risquait d’être tué comme c’était la coutume auparavant. Le chef était très heureux car il avait réussi son pari d’éloigner les habitants de leurs coutumes diaboliques.
Dans le monde des enfers pourtant, le diable était très contrarié. « Qui est cet étranger qui empêche mes disciples de m'adorer ? Ils ont cessé tous leurs sacrifices ! »
L’un des mauvais esprits lui répondit : « C’est un grand guerrier. Il prie et adore les dieux du ciel et reçoit leur force en retour. C'est de cette façon qu’il a réussi à influencer leurs esprits ».
Le diable ordonna alors à l’un de ses disciples : « Retournez sur terre et tuez cet étranger ! » Le disciple s’exécuta sans attendre.
Il prit la forme d’une dame âgée et entra au village en demandant un abri et un peu de nourriture. Plein de bienveillance, l'étranger invita la vieille dame. « Entrez, il y a à manger en abondance et vous pourrez rester ici autant que vous le souhaiterez ».
La vieille dame remercia chaleureusement le chef, mais à peine eut-il le dos tourné qu’elle versa du poison dans la nourriture. Le chef en mangea sans s’apercevoir qu'elle avait été empoisonnée et tomba raide mort. Heureuse de son exploit, la vieille dame reprit alors sa forme d’esprit et disparut à la tombée de la nuit.
L'épouse du chef était dans la cuisine quand elle entendit les rires de la vieille dame. Les deux enfants accoururent en criant : « la vieille dame est partie et père s’est endormi. Il n'a pas touché à son plat ». Etonnée, l'épouse accourut au salon et quand elle vit son mari immobile sur le sol, elle comprit immédiatement qu'il était mort.
Soudain, un cri de colère et de détresse perça le ciel tandis que les enfants fixaient leur père abasourdis. Dès que les voisins entendirent les cris, ils accoururent sans attendre en demandant à l’épouse ce qui se passait. Incapable de parler, celle-ci leur montra du doigt le corps gisant de son mari mort. Quel choc ! Tous se demandaient qui avait bien pu faire une chose pareille.

Très vite, tout le village se réunit dans la maison du défunt. Les habitants étaient tous terrassés par la douleur et pleuraient la perte de leur honorable chef qui les avait éloignés de leurs rites diaboliques. Qui allait maintenant les guider sur la bonne voie ?
La semaine suivante, aucun habitant ne partit dans les champs. Tous décidèrent de rester chez eux pour réfléchir au choix d’un nouveau chef. Ils avaient besoin d'un autre homme qui allait les guider sur la bonne voie.
Finalement, ils choisirent un homme bien mais qui n'était pas aussi ferme ni aussi courageux que leur précédent chef. Il fit de son mieux pour diriger les affaires de la communauté.
Pourtant, le diable comprit que ce chef était faible. « Nous avons enfin l’occasion de détruire ces gens qui se sont détournés de nous. Leur chef est un homme qui a peu de foi et ne parvient pas à forcer le respect et la confiance de la communauté ».
Tous réunis dans la cabane, le village décida d’organiser une fête pour célébrer l’élection de son nouveau chef dans la joie et la bonne humeur.
Soudain, les mauvais esprits firent leur apparition dans le village. Ils pénétrèrent les corps de certains villageois ivres. Ces hommes commencèrent alors à faire toutes sortes de bruits étranges. Ils criaient, hurlaient et proféraient des insultes à l’égard des autres villageois.
L’un d’eux qui n'était pas possédé, se sentit soudain très fatigué et dit : « Je vais aller me reposer sous le cocotier un moment. Dès que je me réveillerai, je vous rejoindrai pour poursuivre les festivités ». Cela étant dit, il s'excusa et se retira dormir sous l'arbre tout en entendant les réjouissances battre leur plein dans la cabane.

L'homme dormait profondément quand il fut brusquement réveillé par un bruit assourdissant. Il se leva et à la lumière de la pleine lune, il aperçut une ombre géante prendre forme dans le ciel. Il se frotta les yeux et l’observa plus attentivement. Il vit alors le diable de la destruction. Avec ses longues oreilles et ses grands yeux, il était effrayant. Le diable s’approchait de la cabane les bras tendus. L'homme comprit que la cabane était sur le point d’être détruite.
D’abord, l'homme resta planté là, ne sachant pas quoi faire. Mais très vite, il retrouva ses esprits. Il accourut vers la cabane. Sur le seuil de la porte, il hurla : « le diable de la destruction se dirige vers cette cabane, il va arriver à tout moment. Quittez les lieux et courez vite vous protéger ! ».
Hélas, les personnes étaient trop ivres pour l’écouter. Elles le sommaient de se taire. Certains le traitaient même de fou, d’autres criaient : « Il a trop bu ! ».
Quand l'homme réalisa que le village ne le croyait pas, il tira son épouse par le bras et s’enfuit le plus loin possible. A peine avaient-ils atteint la sortie du village que la cabane s'effondra et s’enfonça dans le sol. La pluie se mit ensuite à tomber et progressivement recouvra ce qui restait de la cabane.
Au même moment, le couple s’enfuit et s’installa à Patau. Depuis ce jour, on raconte que ces deux personnes sont les ancêtres de Patau.




German Translation
Sabah Folklore ~ Das versunkene Langhaus von Patau 

Vor langer Zeit glaubten die Menschen an die unterschiedlichsten Arten von Geistern. Sie beteten Bäume, Felsen, Sterne und sogar den Mond an. Viele der Menschen glaubten, dass jeder, der dem Teufel und bösen Geistern keine Opfergaben darbietet, leiden und keine Ruhe finden wird. Man mag über ihrem Glauben lachen, aber die Leute von Patau in Tambunan zeigen auf einen Sumpf als Zeugnis der Richtigkeit ihres Glaubens.

Der Sumpf liegt da, wo einst ein Langhaus stand. Die Menschen in diesem Langhaus pflegten eine seltsame Art von Tradition. Sie schickten ihre Kinder an einen entlegenen Ort tief im Dschungel, diese Kinder galten dann als Kinder des Teufels. Auf diese Weise beteten die Menschen den Teufel an und praktizierte alle Arten von eigentümlichen Zeremonien. Selbst Frauen und Kinder wurden dem Teufel geopfert.

Eines Tages kam ein Fremder ins Dorf. Als er sah, was los war, dachte er, "hier werde ich mich niederlassen und die Menschen verändern. Die Teufelsanbetung muss aufhören!" Er ließ sich im Dorf nieder und war freundlich zu seinen Bewohnern. Er half ihnen und gesellte sich sogar zu ihnen bei ihren Zeremonien der Teufelsanbetung. Das tat er aber nur, um ihr Vertrauen und ihre Freundschaft zu gewinnen.

Einige Zeit später entschlossen sich die Menschen des Dorfes, einen neuen Führer zu wählen. Einer der Ältesten sagte: "Der Fremde soll unser Anführer sein. Er hat uns geholfen. Er ist auch weise." Und so wurde der Fremde ernannt, ihr Anführer zu sein.

Der Fremde lernte im Dorf ein hübsches Mädchen kennen und heiratete sie. Sie hatten zwei Kinder und waren sehr glücklich. Allerdings konnte der Geist dieses Menschen keinen Frieden finden. Er wollte die Menschen von ihren teuflischen Anbetungen abbringen.

Und so rief er die Menschen eines Tages zusammen und sagte ihnen: "Von jetzt an werden wir aufhören, unsere Frauen und Kinder dem Teufel und bösen Geistern zu opfern."

Alle waren überrascht. Einige waren sogar schockiert. "Aber das geht nicht. Sie werden nicht von uns ablassen. Die bösen Geister werden uns heimsuchen, im Dorf wird es keinen Frieden geben" argumentierten sie.
Der Fremde sagte dem Volk, es solle sich nicht fürchten. "Der Teufel ist nicht so stark wie wir denken. Wenn wir zusammen halten und keine Angst vor ihm haben, dürfte es keine Probleme geben."

Die Leute gehorchten ihrem neuen Anführer und seinen Worten. Sie hörten auf, Frauen und Kinder zu opfern. Glück und Freude kamen in das Dorf.
Bald bat der Anführer das Volk, die Teufelsanbetung ganz einzustellen. Zu dieser Zeit waren die Menschen eher bereit, ihm zu gehorchen und den Rat ihres Anführers zu befolgen. Auf diese Weise ging die Teufelsanbetung zu Ende.
Das Dorf wurde sehr bekannt. Diejenigen, die sich vom Dorf entfernt aufgehalten hatten, besuchten den Ort erneut. Die Gemeindemitglieder waren freundlicher und töteten Besucher oder Fremde nicht mehr so wie früher. Der Anführer war sehr glücklich, weil er den Bewohner ihre bösen Sitten abgewöhnt hatte.

In der Unterwelt wurde der Teufel sehr zornig. "Wer ist dieser Fremde, der mein Volk davon abgebracht hat, mich zu verehren? Sie bringen keine Opfergaben mehr dar! "

Einer der bösen Geister sagte: "Er ist ein starker Krieger. Er betet und verehrt die Götter des Himmels und schöpft Kraft aus ihnen. So hat er es geschafft, ihr Denken zu beeinflussen."
Daraufhin befahl der Teufel einem seiner Anhänger: "Geh auf die Erde und töte den Fremden!" Der Anhänger verschwand sofort.

Der Anhänger nahm die Gestalt einer alten Frau an. Sie kam in das Dorf und bat um Schutz und Nahrung. Da der Fremde ein freundlicher Mann war, bat er sie herein. "Wir haben reichlich zu essen", sagte er. "Du kannst so lange hier bleiben, wie Du willst."
Die alte Frau dankte dem Anführer. Als niemand hinsah, schüttete sie etwas Gift in sein Essen. Der Anführer aß die Speise, ohne zu merken, dass er vergiftet wurde. Kaum hatte er davon gekostet,  starb er sogleich. Die alte Frau lachte in sich hinein. Sie verwandelte sich wieder in einen Geist und verschwand im Zwielicht des Abends.

Die Ehefrau war in der Küche, als sie die alte Frau lachen hörte. Bald kamen ihre beiden Kinder zu ihr gelaufen "Die alte Frau ist weg, und Vater schläft. Er hat sein Essen nicht aufgegessen." Die Frau war überrascht und lief schnell ins Wohnzimmer. Als sie ihren Mann regungslos dort liegen sah, erkannte sie, dass er tot war.
Sie schrie laut klagend und war zornig. Die Kinder starrten ihren Vater sprachlos an. Als die Nachbarn das laute Geschrei hörten, kamen sie schnell: "Was ist passiert?" fragten sie. Die Frau war unfähig zu sprechen, sondern verwies lediglich auf den Körper ihres toten Gatten. Alle waren schockiert. "Wer könnte uns so übel mitgespielt haben?"

Bald waren viele Menschen in dem Haus versammelt. Alle waren von großer Trauer erfüllt, weil ihr Anführer ein guter Mann gewesen war, der sie vom Pfad des Bösen weggeführt hatte. Wer sollte sie nun wieder auf die richtige Bahn lenken? Sie weinten.
In der folgenden Woche bestellten die Leute ihre Felder nicht. Sie arbeiteten nicht, sondern saßen nur zu Hause und dachte über einen neuen Anführer nach. Sie brauchten einen anderen Mann, um sie auf den rechten Weg zu führen. Schließlich wählten sie einen Kandidaten.
Dieser Anführer war ein guter Mensch. Jedoch war er nicht so fest im Glauben und nicht so tapfer wie der bisherige Anführer. Er tat sein Bestes, um die Angelegenheiten der Gemeinde zu regeln.

Der Teufel sah, dass sein Anführer ein Schwächling war. "Hier ist unsere Chance, diese Menschen, die sich von uns abgewandt haben, zu zerstören. Ihr Anführer ist kleingläubig und nicht in der Lage, der Gemeinde Respekt und Vertrauen zu vermitteln.
Im Dorf veranstalteten die Menschen ein Fest im Langhaus. Sie feierten die Wahl ihres neuen Anführers. Alle waren glücklich.

Die bösen Geister kamen ins Dorf. Sie drangen in die Körper einiger Männer ein, die betrunken waren. Diese Männer begannen allerlei seltsame Geräusche zu machen. Sie schrien und schrien und warfen mit Flüchen um sich.

Einer der Männer, der nicht vom Teufel besessen war, wurde sehr müde. "Ich werde jetzt gehen und mich unter die Kokospalme legen. Wenn ich mich ausgeruht habe, werde ich wieder am Fest teilnehmen." sagte er, entschuldigte sich bei den Feiernden und schlief unter dem Baum ein. Er konnte noch den Klang von  Heiterkeit aus dem Langhaus dringen hören.
 


Der Mann schlief tief und fest, als er plötzlich durch ein lautes Geräusch geweckt wurde. Er stand auf und im Licht des Vollmondes sah er, wie ein riesiger Schatten am Himmel Gestalt annahm. Er rieb sich die Augen und schaute genauer. Er konnte sehen, dass es der Teufel der Zerstörung war. Der Teufel hatte lange Ohren und große Augen und war beängstigend anzusehen. Der Teufel bewegte sich mit ausgestreckten Armen in Richtung Langhaus. Der Mann wusste, dass das Langhaus zerstört werden würde.

Am Anfang stand der Mann da, nicht wissend, was er tun sollte. Später kam er wieder zur Besinnung. Er lief zum Langhaus. Als er es betrat, schrie er, "Der Teufel der Zerstörung ist auf dem Weg in dieses Langhaus, er wird jeden Augenblick eintreffen. Verlasst den Palast und lauft um euer Leben!"
Die Leute waren zu betrunken, um zu auf ihn zu hören. Sie schrien den Mann an und forderten ihn auf, still zu sein. Einige nannten ihn sogar verrückt. "Er hat zu viel getrunken!" sagten andere.

Als der Mann sah, dass die Menschen ihm nicht glaubten, nahm er seine Frau und rannte davon. Gerade als sie den Rand des Dorfes erreichten, brach das Langhaus zusammen und war dem Erdboden gleich. Es fing an zu regnen, und langsam bedeckte Wasser das Langhaus.
Das Paar entkam inzwischen nach Patau und lebte dort. Sie sollen die Vorfahren der Patau sein.


Courtesy by:
Margit Unser
c/Estels Xapats 2
E-07609 Maioris
ENGLISH-GERMAN
SPANISH-GERMAN
http://www.traduguide.com/tr/50210.htm